Geodetic monitoring

One of the basic instruments used in monitoring horizontal and vertical displacements is a total station. As a specialized company, we offer comprehensive services for the installation of prisms/rangefinder foils and tachymetric measurements, including analysis of results. We can conduct a problem analysis and develop a monitoring project specifying the scope of work, the method of installing measurement points, and the measurement frequency. We perform tachymetric measurements using equipment from renowned manufacturers (including LEICA, TRIMBLE, and TOPCON).

Automatic total station monitoring (total station) enables ongoing, often remote, monitoring of a facility based on measuring changes in the position of reference points, which allows for the rapid detection of potential threats to the safety and stability of a structure.

An electronic (robotic) total station is the basic instrument used in horizontal and vertical monitoring. It is most often used in situations such as:

• implementation of tunnel investments in urban environments
• measurements of displacements of deep excavation support structures (e.g., diaphragm walls);
• measurements of displacements of building structures;
• measurements of displacements of terrain elevation changes;
• monitoring the stability of slopes and escarpments.

The electronic total station performs precise direction measurements and distances. The displacements of controlled points are determined with respect to reference points, which are located outside the influence zone. Measurement stations can be fixed or random. At fixed stations, monitoring can be continuous or semi-automatic.

Advantages of using robotic total stations in monitoring:

• Accurate and precise measurement with proven reliability;
• Measurement of hard-to-reach points (impossible with other techniques);
• Quick installation, not disrupting construction work;
• Possibility of continuous 24/7 measurement;
• system stability and reliability in the long term.

GNSS receivers have become the basic measurement instrument in modern geodesy. The development of satellite technology has significantly improved the accuracy obtained, and the use of appropriate measurement methods and data processing makes it an excellent tool for measuring displacements. As a company with many years of experience, we offer a system for measuring horizontal and vertical displacements using GNSS receivers.
Depending on the nature of the object, we are able to adjust the appropriate configuration of the measurement instruments, installation methods, and measurement frequency. GNSS monitoring is maintenance-free. The system automatically collects data, processes it, and publishes the results. Defined warning and alarm thresholds allow automatic sending of messages to the system administrator and other interested parties. Thanks to reliable spatial displacement results, specialists can make appropriate decisions and prevent potential threats in advance.
GNSS receivers are measuring instruments for determining three-dimensional coordinates of points. This offers an infinitely wide range of applications. A limitation of their use in measurements is the obscuration of the horizon, which results in limited reception of signals from some satellites or its distortion. GNSS receivers are most often used to monitor buildings, bridges, towers, etc. With the appropriate stabilization in open terrain, they can be used to investigate landslides, slopes, or escarpments.
When using GNSS devices for monitoring, we employ two solutions:

GNSS STATIC MEASUREMENTS
The most accurate measurement method is the static method. It involves measuring and processing data from pairs of points. The result is spatial vector coordinates. The accuracy of coordinate determination depends primarily on three factors: the distance between points, the density of recorded data, and the recording period. The recorded data is processed in post-processing. The frequency of obtained results depends on the length of the measurement session and the time it takes to transmit the data for processing. We use modern dual-channel GNSS devices from Trimble and Leica for our measurements. In Warsaw, we have our own reference station located in the very center of the city.

SMARTSENSE
SMARTSENSE is an integrated displacement measurement system based on GNSS measurements. This proprietary system was designed and developed in-house based on our extensive experience and the latest measurement technology. The system consists of a network of devices (measuring cells) that can be installed on monitored objects, as well as reference devices installed at points outside the construction impact zone. The heart of the system is a central cell that collects measurement data from the measurement cells, interprets it, and sends the results to the monitoring platform. Displacement measurements are performed using the static method, and displacements are determined based on changes in the length of the vectors between the measurement cell and the reference devices. The system allows for the setting of any GNSS observation schedule, allowing for the selection of comparable measurement periods with good satellite visibility and a small number of multiply reflected signals (limited horizon). Another key advantage of the system is its wireless operation. All system devices communicate with each other via long-range wireless connections. Furthermore, these devices are energy-efficient and battery-powered, eliminating the need for a constant power supply at measurement points. Installation of the measurement cell is minimally invasive and involves installing a bracket with an antenna and mounting it with the measuring device.

Advantages:

• automatic measurement;
• accuracy of 0.9 mm for horizontal displacements and 1.2 mm for vertical displacements;
• large number of measurements (from 1 to 12 measurements per day);
• energy efficiency;
• measurements of horizontal and vertical displacements;
• easy to use

Monitoring of tram and railway rails is used to assess their technical condition and ensure safety. This includes measuring railhead profile, wear, monitoring track geometry, and measuring displacement and surface irregularities.

This involves the use of track gauges, tachymetric bogies, and trackbed-mounted systems, and the results are analyzed to ensure the safety of rail vehicle traffic.

3D surveying laser scanning is a modern measurement method that uses a laser beam to rapidly capture millions of points on the surface of objects and terrain with an accuracy of 1 millimeter, creating a dense three-dimensional point cloud with known XYZ coordinates.

This technology revolutionizes traditional surveying, enabling the quick and precise creation of detailed CAD models, elevation maps, and technical documentation of even the most complex engineering structures, buildings, and extensive topographical areas.

Laser scanning is used in building inventories, monitoring construction progress, detecting structural deformations, and creating digital twins of objects, significantly accelerating the measurement process while maintaining the highest precision.

Drone photogrammetry is an advanced technology that creates precise maps and 3D models using a series of aerial photographs, which are then processed using specialized software.

This technology is revolutionizing construction monitoring and surveying, offering accuracy comparable to traditional methods while significantly reducing time and providing access to difficult-to-reach areas. Drones equipped with high-resolution cameras and RTK systems enable regular monitoring of construction progress, creating orthophotomaps, and detailed 3D models with centimeter resolution, making them an ideal tool for infrastructure supervision and technical documentation.